Japanese & Chinese Glossary of Dragon Ball, Mystical, and Martial Terminology
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The Japanese & Chinese Glossary of Dragon Ball, Mystical, and Martial Terminology is a series of tables cataloging many common terms from Dragon Ball, as well as its mystical and martial roots, and comparing the various ways of romanizing them, including Japanese and the two Chinese styles of Hanyu Pinyin and Wade-Giles.
| Traditional Chinese | Simplified Chinese | Modern Japanese | Wade-Giles | Hanyu Pinyin | Japanese | English Meaning | Dragon Ball & Beyond |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 孫悟空 | 孙悟空 | Sun Wu-kung | Sūn Wùkōng | Son Gokū | Son Goku | ||
| 神 | shin | shén | shin kami |
god | Shenlong, Shen, God, Kaioshin, God of Destruction | ||
| 龍 | 龙 | 竜 | lung | lóng | ron ryū |
dragon | Shenlong, Dragon Fist; Shōryūken |
| 龜 | 亀 | kuei | guī | kame | turtle | Kame Sennin, Kame House | |
| 烏龍茶 | 乌龙茶 | wu-lung-cha | wūlóngchá | ūroncha | Oolong[note 1] | ||
| 飲茶 | 饮茶 | yin-cha | yǐnchá | yum cha | Yamcha | ||
| 普洱茶 | pu-êrh-cha | pǔ'ěrchá | pūarucha | Puer | |||
| 燒賣 | 烧卖 | 焼売 | shao-mai | shāomài | shūmai | Shuu, Mai | |
| 桃 | tao | táo | momo | peach | Tao Pai Pai | ||
| 白 | pai | bái | haku | white | Tao Pai Pai | ||
| 豆 | tou | dòu | zu | seed, bean, pea, legume | Senzu | ||
| 天津飯 | 天津饭 | tien-chin-fan | tiānjīnfàn | tèńshíǹhàǹ | Tenshinhan | ||
| 餃子 | 饺子 | chiao-tzŭ | jiǎozi | gyōza | Chaozu | ||
| 包子 | pao-tzŭ | bāozi | paozu | Grandma Paozu, Mt. Paozu | |||
| 杏仁豆腐 | hsing-jên tou-fu | xìngrén dòufu | annin dōfu | Annin | |||
| 牛頭 | 牛头 | niu-tou | niútóu | Gozu | Ox-Head, one of the two guardians of hell | Gozu | |
| 馬頭 | 马头 | ma-tou | mǎtóu | Mezu | Horse-Head, one of the two guardians of hell | Mezu | |
| 排骨 | pai-ku | páigǔ | paigū | Paikuhan | |||
| 飯 | fan | fàn | han | Son Gohan, Paikuhan | |||
| 一 | i | yī | ichi | one | One-Star Dragon Ball, Yī Xīng Lóng | ||
| 二 | êrh | èr | ni | two | Two-Star Dragon Ball | ||
| 兩 | 两 | 両 | liang | liǎng | ryō ryan |
two | Liǎng Xīng Lóng |
| 三 | san | sān | san | three | Three-Star Dragon Ball, Sān Xīng Lóng | ||
| 四 | ssŭ | sì | shi | four | Four-Star Dragon Ball, Sì Xīng Lóng | ||
| 五 | wu | wǔ | go | five | Five-Star Dragon Ball, Wǔ Xīng Lóng | ||
| 六 | liu | liù | roku | six | Six-Star Dragon Ball, Liù Xīng Lóng | ||
| 七 | chi | qī | shichi | seven | Seven-Star Dragon Ball, Qī Xīng Lóng | ||
| 星 | hsing | xīng | sei | star, planet, heavenly body | Four-Star Dragon Ball, Yī Xīng Lóng, Planet Namek | ||
| 球 | chiu | qiú | kyū | ball | Four-Star Dragon Ball | ||
| 波 | po[note 2] | bō[note 3] | ha | wave, undulation | Kamehameha, Dodonpa, Mafūba, Kikoha; Hadoken | ||
| 玉 | yü | yù | tama dama |
ball, orb, sphere, bullet | Genki Dama |
| Traditional Chinese | Simplified Chinese | Modern Japanese | Wade-Giles | Hanyu Pinyin | Japanese | English Meaning | Dragon Ball & Beyond |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 道 | tao | dào | dō | way, path, road, circuit, track, method, principle; The transcendental basis of nature | Dàoism, Taoism, budō, Tenkaichi Budōkai, bushidō, jūdō, kendō, dōgi | ||
| 陰陽 | 阴阳 | yin-yang | yīnyáng | in'yō | opposing forces in nature, contrasting things, antitheses | ||
| 氣 | 气 | 気 | chi | qì | ki | air, breath, vital energy, life force | Ki, Kikoha, Kikoho, Kienzan, genki, Genki Dama |
| 元氣 | 元气 | 元気 | yüan-chi | yuánqì | genki | energy, strength, vigor, vitality | genki, Genki Dama |
| 勇氣 | 勇气 | 勇気 | yung-chi | yǒngqì | yūki | courage, nerve, valor | yūki |
| 正氣 | 正气 | 正気 | chêng-chi | zhèngqì | shōki | righteousness, moral courage, mettle, sanity, reason, right-mindedness | shōki |
| 導引 | 导引 | tao-yin | dǎoyǐn | to guide; cognitive body and mind unity exercises to direct and refine qi | |||
| 氣功 | 气功 | 気功 | chi-kung | qìgōng | kikō | breathing control, physical exercise, and meditation | Kikoha, Kikoho |
| 氣功波 | 气功波 | 気功波 | chi-kung-po | qigongbō | kikōha | qigong wave; ki blast | Kikoha |
| 仙 | hsien | xiān | sen | mountain man, immortal | Kame Sennin, Tsuru Sennin, Senzu | ||
| 仙人 | hsien-jên | xiānrén | sennin | mountain man, immortal, hermit, wizard | Kame Sennin, Tsuru Sennin |
| Traditional Chinese | Simplified Chinese | Modern Japanese | Wade-Giles | Hanyu Pinyin | Japanese | English Meaning | Dragon Ball & Beyond |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 武 | wu | wǔ | bu | military, soldier, warfare, warrior, fighting, martial arts | bushidō, budō, Tenkaichi Budōkai, wǔshù, bukyō, wǔxiá | ||
| 武術 | 武术 | wu-shu | wǔshù | bujutsu | martial art, martial techniques, Chinese martial arts | ||
| 士 | shih | shì | shi | man, officer, soldier, scholar; aristocratic foot-knight in ancient China; samurai | bushidō, Z Warriors | ||
| 戰士 | 战士 | chan-shih | zhànshì | senshi | soldier, combatant, warrior, fighter | Z Warriors | |
| 武士 | wu-shih | wǔshì | bushi | warrior, soldier, fighter | |||
| 武道 | wu-tao | wǔdào | budō | martial arts, martial arts skills, Japanese martial arts, pacifism | Tenkaichi Budōkai | ||
| 武士道 | wu-shih-tao | wǔshìdào | bushidō | way of the warrior, samurai ethical code, valuing honor above life | |||
| 功夫 | kung-fu | gōngfu | kō- | skill, art, workmanship (especially in martial arts), Chinese martial arts | |||
| 拳 | chʻüan | quán | ken | fist, styles or moves using fists, a suffix in the names of martial art moves | kenpō, Jan-Ken, Rōga Fū-Fū Ken, Zanzōken, Taiyō-Ken, Kaiō-Ken, Dragon Fist; Fist of the North Star, Hadōken, Shōryūken | ||
| 拳法 | chʻüan-fa | quánfǎ | kenpō | martial art, boxing technique | |||
| 着 | gi | to wear (clothing); clothes, outfit, uniform | dōgi | ||||
| 道着 | dōgi | uniform used in various martial arts | |||||
| 少林 | Shao-lin | Shàolín | Shōrin | small forest; a collection of Chinese martial arts that claim affiliation with the Shaolin Monastery | Kuririn, Oorin Temple | ||
| 少林寺 | Shao-lin-ssŭ | Shàolínsì | Shōrinji | Shaolin Monastery, Shaolin Temple; Buddhist monastery built for Batuo to teach dhyāna (chán) | |||
| 禪 | 禅 | chan | chán | zen | deep meditation, contemplation[note 4] | ||
| 外 | wai | wài | outer, external, outside | ||||
| 外功 | wai-kung | wàigōng | external conditioning exercises, strengthening one's muscles and bones | ||||
| 外家 | wai-chia | wàijiā | external Chinese martial arts | ||||
| 內 | nei | nèi | nai | inner, internal, inside | |||
| 內功 | nei-kung | nèigōng | naikō | internal exercises, breathing, meditation, spiritual disciplines in Taoism and martial arts | |||
| 內家 | 内家 | nei-chia | nèijiā | internal Chinese martial arts | |||
| 內業 | nei-yeh | nèiyè | Inward Training, the oldest Chinese received text describing Daoist breath meditation techniques and qi circulation | ||||
| 太極拳 | 太极拳 | tai-chi-chüan | tàijíquán | taikyokuken | tai chi, a form of internal Chinese martial arts | ||
| 修煉 | 修炼 | hsiu-lien | xiūliàn | (Daoist) meditation, ascetic practice, cultivation practice | |||
| 修行 | hsiu-hsing | xiūxíng | shugyō | (Buddhist) ascetic training, cultivation of spiritual virtues, practicing Buddhism or Daoism | |||
| 先生 | hsien-shêng | xiānshēng | sensei | elder, scholar, teacher, professor, Japanese martial arts teacher | |||
| 師父 | 师父 | shih-fu | shīfu | shifu | teacher, father, master | ||
| 俠 | 侠 | hsia | xiá | kyō | chivalry, chivalrous person, knight-errant | ||
| 遊俠 | 游侠 | yu-hsia | yóuxiá | knight-errant; chivalrous traveler or wanderer; cavalier, ranger, bravado | |||
| 武俠 | 武侠 | wu-hsia | wǔxiá | bukyō | heroic; knight-errant; chivalrous soldier or warrior; genre concerning the adventures of martial artists, typically in Ancient China | ||
| 仙俠 | 仙侠 | hsien-hsia | xiānxiá | knight errant; chivalrous immortal; genre similar to wuxia with more mythological elements | |||
| 劍俠 | 剑侠 | chien-hsia | jiànxiá | knight-errant; chivalrous swordsman | |||
| 俠客 | 侠客 | hsia-ko | xiákè | knight-errant; chivalrous guest or visitor; follower of xia | |||
| 江湖 | chiang-hu | jiānghú | kōko | rivers and lakes, countryside, underworld, home to recluses and hermits; the subculture of the martial arts community |
| Sanskrit | Indian | English Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| श्रमण | śramaṇa | ascetic, monk |
| ध्यान | dhyāna | meditation, contemplation, thought, reflection, (especially) profound and abstract religious meditation[note 5] |