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Martial Arts Techniques

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"Martial Arts Techniques" (体術技; taijutsu-waza) are essential in the world of Dragon Ball, as many battles are won with the use of these various physical techniques. In particular, during Goku's boyhood when he still could not manipulate ki, he thought up various martial arts techniques on his own. Even when battles ended up being ultimately settled through ki manipulation techniques, most of the basic fighting was done through the use of martial arts techniques.

Basic Physical Techniques

These are the basic fundamental techniques in martial arts, which are comprised of three basic methods of attack:

  • Punch — techniques where one attacks the opponent with their fist, elbow, or the like
  • Kick — techniques where one uses their leg or knees to attack the opponent
  • Charge — techniques where one accelerates and pitches their entire body at the opponent

Punch

Double-Slap (往復ビンタ)
User: Chi-Chi
Debut: Dragon Ball GT Episode 26

After Baby (in possession of Goten's body) speaks rudely to Chi-Chi, she unleashes a series of powerful slaps on him to teach him a lesson.[1]

Dynamite Rolling Thunder Punch (ダイナマイトローリングサンダーパンチ)
User: Gotenks
Debut: “Jump Super Anime Tour 2008” Special

Gotenks uses this attack as a finishing blow in his fight against Aka.[2]

Machine Gun Thrust (マシンガン突き)
User: Tenshinhan
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 128 / Dragon Ball Episode 97

A technique where Tenshinhan unleashes a stream of jabs, similar to how a machine gun fires bullets. Those attacked are not given any time to defend themselves. During the finals of the 22nd Tenka'ichi Budōkai, he drove Goku into a dire predicament with this technique.

Miracle Super Punch (ミラクルスーパーパンチ)
User: Gotenks
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 490 / Dragon Ball Z Episode 258

One of Gotenks' continuous stream of attacks where he unleashes punches and kicks. After launching this attack, Gotenks was told by Majin Boo that he was weak.

Murder Punch (殺人パンチ)
User: Ikose
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 433 / Dragon Ball Z Episode 211

It is a technique that Ikose used against Goten in the 25th Tenka'ichi Budōkai Youth Division, but Goten stopped it with one finger.

Rolling Attack Satan Punch (ローリングアタックサタンパンチ)
User: Mister Satan
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 453 / Dragon Ball Z Episode 224

A technique where Mister Satan approaches his opponent with a forward roll, then jumps up at them and performs a punch. He brought this technique out against Mighty Mask during the Battle Royale of the 25th Tenka'ichi Budōkai finals.

Rolling Thunder Punch (ローリングサンダーパンチ)
User: Gotenks
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 490 / Dragon Ball Z Episode 258

While spinning his arm around and around, he nails his opponent with an intense punch right to the pit of their stomach. It's one of the continuous stream of punching and kicking attacks which he used against Majin Boo in the Room of Spirit and Time.

Satan Miracle Special Ultra Super Megaton Punch (サタンミラクルスペシャルウルトラスーパーメガトンパンチ)
User: Mister Satan
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 454 / Dragon Ball Z Episode 226

The sure-to-kill punch that Mister Satan brought out during his rigged match with No. 18 at the 25th Tenka'ichi Budōkai. Leaping at his opponent, he punches them in the face. No. 18, seeing the punch's extreme weakness, asked "This is your special attack?" After No. 18 lost on purpose, Mister Satan called this technique by a new name, the "Satan Miracle Beautiful Super Bari-Bari Punch".

Kick

Arale Kick (アラレキック)
User: Arale Norimaki
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 83 / Dragon Ball Episode 57

A pro wrestling technique used by Arale, who dashes with all her might and nails her opponent with a jumping kick. She uses this technique it in front of the Norimaki house in Penguin Village against General Blue of the Red Ribbon Army, who stole the Dragon Balls from Goku. After being hit head on with this attack, General Blue is sent flying high into the air.

Dynamite Kick (ダイナマイトキック)
User: Mister Satan, Gotenks
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 396 / Dragon Ball Z Episode 176

A technique where the user dashes forward and nails their opponent with an intense jump kick. The kick seems to have a force comparable to the explosion of dynamite. Though the name is the same, Gotenks' version has far greater force than the one Mister Satan used against Cell.

Great Kick Special (グレートキックスペシャル)
User: Gotenks
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 490 / Dragon Ball Z Episode 258

A technique where Gotenks unleashes an intense kick at his opponent. It is one of Gotenks' many combo attacks. It seems that he names the techniques on the spot when unleashing them.

Great Spinning Kick (大回転キック)
User: Gotenks
Debut: Dragon Ball Z Episode 258

By rotating their body like a comet while flying up into the air, the user can deliver damage to their opponent with a powerful kick strengthened by centrifugal force. This technique is performed in the Room of Spirit and Time during the battle against Boo.[2]

Hyōga Senpū Kyaku (豹牙旋風脚)
User: Tenlong
Debut: Dragon Ball Episode 80

Tenlong of the Hyōga School's signature technique. The user rotates their body like a comet, and fires off a kick. During his honorable match with Goku, Tenlong uses this technique against the Zanzō-Ken to break through it.[3]

Reacoom Kick (リクームキック)
User: Reacoom
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 275 / Dragon Ball Z Episode 64

Without fail, Reacoom will strike a pose, call out "Reacoom Kick", and then attack. Dashing at super speed, he nails his opponent with an intense knee kick. It is a technique he used against Vegeta on Planet Namek.

Charge

Boar Attack (イノシシアタック)
User: Gotenks
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 490 / Dragon Ball Z Episode 258

A technique where Gotenks rushes with the force of a boar and headbutts his opponent with all his might. It used as part of the continuous stream of attacks that he brought out during his battle with Majin Boo in the Room of Spirit and Time.

Charge (突撃)
User: Son Goten
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 435 / Dragon Ball Z Episode 212

This is a kamikaze attack where the user rises high into the air using Bukūjutsu and then lunges at their opponent, using the falling speed to inflict severe damage. Goten used this against Trunks during their match in the Youth Division at the 25th Tenka'ichi Budōkai.

Kyō-Ken (狂拳)
User: Son Goku
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 48, Dragon Ball Episode XX

An offensive technique where the user behaves as though they were possessed like a frenzied dog. In the final round of the 21st Tenka'ichi Budōkai, Son Goku devises this technique on-the-spot as a defense against Jackie Chun's Sui-Ken. [4]

Megaton Bull Crusher (メガトンブルクラッシャー)
User: Piroshki the Powerful
Debut: Dragon Ball Z Episode 176

While rotating both arms at high-speed, the user charges at their opponent. Piroshki uses this technique in his fight with Cell, but is unable to approach due to Cell's powerful ki.[5]

Power Tackle (パワータックル)
User: Gotenks
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 490 / Dragon Ball Z Episode 258

A technique in which Gotenks inflicts damage by charging and tackling his opponent with all his might. It is one of the numerous techniques that he challenged Majin Boo with in the Room of Spirit and Time.

Reacoom Mach Attack (リクームマッハアタック)
User: Reacoom
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 280 / Dragon Ball Z Episode 66

A technique in which Reacoom strikes a super cool-looking pose, cries "Reacoom Mach Attack", and then performs a rushing punch against his opponent. He attacks Goku on Planet Namek with this, but Goku dodges him with extreme ease.

Shishiga-Ryū Kenpō (獅獅牙流拳法)
User: Shishiga-Ryū Kenpō Fighter
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 34 / Dragon Ball Episode XX

A style of martial arts where the user sharply attacks to quickly snap at their opponent, as if they were a lion aiming for its prey. It is used in the preliminaries of the 21st Tenka'ichi Budōkai against Goku, but it is easily seen through.[6]

Super-Speed Dash (超スピードダッシュ)
User: Tapicar
Debut: Dragon Ball Z Episode 197

An ability which Tapicar demonstrates during the Afterlife Tournament. The user dashes at a blinding super-speed, astonishing even Goku. However, Tapicar merely runs around, exhausts himself, and gives up.[7]

Tenkū Pekeji-Ken (天空×字拳)
User: Namu
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 44 / Dragon Ball Episode 25

A special attack invented by Namu. Jumping high into the air, he crosses his arms and rapidly falls, charging his opponent. With the acceleration from his fall increasing his body weight many times over, without decelerating he cross-chops his opponent in the throat. Those hit by this attack cannot awaken for ten days. To unleash this technique, the kind-hearted Namu closes his eyes in mid-air in order to get rid of distracting thoughts and concentrate his mind, making his heart like an ogre's. During the 21st Tenka'ichi Budōkai, he unleashed it on Goku, who had passed out from dizziness.

Super Tenkū Pekeji-Ken (超天空×字拳)
User: Namu
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 45 / Dragon Ball Episode 25

It is the same technique as the Tenkū Pekeji-Ken, although Namu jumps higher up into the sky than usual and then descends toward his opponent at an increased speed. With the increased speed from his higher descent, this technique produces a destructive power many times greater.

Other

Battle Formation
User: Nickies
Debut: Dragon Ball Z Episode 144

A defensive posture in Battle Ball, the Nickies employ Battle Formation against Imperfect Cell to regroup after their first two members are killed. They are easily dispatched by the Artificial Human.[8]

Beautiful Rose Flying Attack (ビュティフルローズフライングアタック)
User: Karoni the Swift
Debut: Dragon Ball Z Episode 176

Karoni's greatest signature killer technique. It appears to be an attack where Karoni jumps high in the air to dispatch an attack from a high altitude, but he is blown out of the air by Cell's ki before he has the chance to finish the technique.[9]

Crushing in Hands (握り潰し)
User: Sergeant Metallic, Vegeta (Ōzaru)
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 58 / Dragon Ball Episode 36

A strength technique that uses a powerful grip to crush the opponent's bones. This is an attack that Sergeant Metallic and Ōzaru Vegeta both used in their death-matches with Goku.

Finger Stab (指突き)
User: Tao Pai-pai
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 90 / Dragon Ball Episode 62

An attack where the user thrusts a strengthened fingertip into their opponent's forehead. The opponent dies before they can even scream. Tao Pai-pai uses this technique in place of payment for the tailor who made his new clothes.

Hasshu-Ken (八手拳)
User: Son Goku, King Chapa
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 115 / Dragon Ball Episode XX

A form of martial arts where the user moves their arms fast to make it appear to their opponent as though they have 8 arms. Goku learns this technique during his match with King Chapa in the 22nd Tenka'ichi Budōkai and uses it later as a way to combat against Tenshinhan's Shiyō-Ken.[10]

Headbutt (頭突き)
User: Arale Norimaki
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 83 / Dragon Ball Episode 57

A technique that hits an airborne opponent with a headbutt by performing a vertical jump with good timing. It is effective when used in combination with the Arale Kick. In Penguin Village, it sent General Blue flying off into a distant desert.

High-Speed Movement (高速移動)
User: Son Goku
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 127 / Dragon Ball Episode XX

A technique where the user hops left and right at super-speed to advance towards their opponent. When the opponent's eyes are unable to keep up with this speed of movement, they are tricked into thinking that the user has vanished.[11]

Human Tornado (人間竜巻)
User: Son Goku
Debut: Dragon Ball Episode XX

A technique seen in the semi-finals match with Tenshinhan during the 23rd Tenka'ichi Budōkai. By spinning around super-fast, the user appears to become like a tornado. Prior to using this technique, Goku was fighting wearing weighted clothing, and he practices this technique as a warm-up exercise to loosen up his body.[12]

Hyper Tornado (ハイパートルネイド)
User: Paikuhan
Debut: Dragon Ball Z Episode 199

A technique where the user spins themself at a super-fast speed to generate a huge tornado, swallowing up their opponent. Paikuhan uses this technique against Goku in the final match of the Afterlife Tournament. It holds the power likely to blow away the stadium where the tournament is held, sending the audience into an uproar. This and Thunder Flash are Paikuhan's two signature techniques.[13]

Mid-Air Stop (空中停止)
User: Son Goku
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 115 / Dragon Ball Episode 86

While falling through the air and being unable to move freely, Goku became prey to his opponent's attack. In order to avoid this, during his fall he let out his breath like a blast, temporarily stopping himself in the air and dodging the timing of his opponent's attack.

Refreshing Wind (さわやかな風)
User: Jackie Chun
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 37 / Dragon Ball Episode 22

A technique where Jackie Chun swings his arm in close proximity to his opponent, presenting them with a strong blast of wind. One can only use it after undergoing considerable training. Releasing it at the 21st Tenka'ichi Budōkai as a finisher, he blows Yamcha out of bounds.

Revolving Attack (回転攻撃)
User: Son Goku
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 44 / Dragon Ball Episode 25

By quickly spinning around an axis at high speeds, the user is able to attack an opponent while deflecting their attacks. However, the technique's weakness is that the user will become very dizzy if using it too long. Goku attempted to force Namu out of the ring with this technique during the 21st Tenka'ichi Budōkai.

Saru-Ken (猿拳)
User: Son Goku
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 49 / Dragon Ball Episode XX

The user moves restlessly like a monkey, confusing their opponent by executing defensive techniques against the opponent's attacks. The user then knocks over their opponent by grabbing them with their tail and scratches them.[14]

Tickle Attack (くすぐり攻撃)
User: Caterpi
Debut: Dragon Ball Z Episode 196

An ordinary technique used against Son Goku in the Afterlife Tournament. With their ten arms, the user is able to restrain their opponent and tickle them. Although it has some effect, it is easily broken through.[15]

Tongue Thrust (舌突き)
User: Tao Pai-pai
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 85 / Dragon Ball Episode XX

An extremely absurd technique, named for when the user pulls out their tongue and drills it into their opponent, piercing through their temple. When Tao Pai-pai is called to Red Ribbon Army Headquarters on a work request, he confronts General Blue and kills him with this technique. In Dragon Ball Movie 3, he also pierces General Blue's temple. Afterwards, Tao Pai-pai wipes his tongue clean with a handkerchief.[6]

Utchari (うっちゃり)
User: Dosukoi
Debut: Dragon Ball Z Movie 9

A last-ditch effort in sumo wrestling, a utchari is an over-the-back toss utilized when a sumo wrestler is up against the edge of the arena and seemingly on the verge of defeat. This technique turns the tables to toss his adversary out of bounds. Dosukoi uses this technique several times during both the preliminary and semi-final rounds of the Tenka'ichi Dai Budō Taikai.

Combination

These techniques use a combination of the three basic martial arts techniques: punch, kick, and charge.

Haikyū-Ken (排球拳)
User: Tenshinhan, Gotenks
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 129 / Dragon Ball Episode 98

True to its name's origin, Tenshinhan commences a three stage attack that imitates volleyball. It is a fearsome combo attack: after tossing his opponent high up into the air, he punches them for a receive just as they come down. He then sets his opponent with an intense two-fisted strike before finally jumping into the air and spiking the opponent down into the ground. He displayed this technique at the 22nd Tenka'ichi Budōkai.

Hyper Plasma Shortcake (ハイパープラズマショートケキ)
User: Gotenks
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 490 / Dragon Ball Z Episode XX

A flurry of interwoven punches and kicks, which Gotenks uses in a series of continuous techniques. Majin Boo accepts all of these attacks without defending.[10]

Jan-Ken (ジャン拳)
User: Son Goku
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 3 / Dragon Ball Episode 3

One of the few special attacks that Goku uses early on in the series, it is based on the game of "Rock-Paper-Scissors". "Gū" (rock) is a punch, "Choki" (scissors) is an eye-poke, and "Pā" (paper) is a palm slap. Sometimes he will use them separately, but there are also times when he uses them as a combo attack. What's more, there are also times when he will feint by calling out "Gū" but doing a "Pā". It's a respected Turtle Hermit School technique which Goku inherited from Grandpa Son Gohan, but he stopped using it after mastering the Kamehameha.[16]

Magnum Sundae (マグナムサンデー)
User: Gotenks
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 490 / Dragon Ball Z Episode XX

Punches and kicks let out as one part of a series of continuous attacks. Its name seems like the kind of attack a child would come up with, crafted with powerful-sounding words and candy.[17]

Rōga Fū-Fū Ken (狼牙風風拳)
User: Yamcha, Gotenks
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 8 / Dragon Ball Episode 5

A martial art style devised by the former bandit Yamcha. He moves just like a wolf trying to bite its opponents to death with sharp fangs. It is a technique that fires attacks of incredible speed one after the other using punches and kicks, and then uses the fact that the opponent is wide open to strike them with a single, powerful blow with both hands. He used this technique to knock out an empty-stomached Goku as he tried to rob him and the rest of the gang of their money and capsules on the desert wasteland he called his turf. In the movie The Path to Ultimate Strength, Yamcha sent Goku flying with the Rōga Fū-Fū Ken on their first battle. In Heya! Son Goku and Friends Return!!, Gotenks used the technique, explaining that it was "Yamcha's" when fighting against Aca.[18]

Shin Rōga Fū-Fū Ken (新狼牙風風拳)
User: Yamcha
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 117 / Dragon Ball Episode 88

Due to his intense training with the Turtle Hermit, the Rōga Fū-Fū Ken got a power-up. The technique’s speed and agility became even sharper than before by several degrees of magnitude. He used the technique in his match against Tenshinhan in the 22nd Tenka'ichi Budōkai, but it wasn’t very effective.

Sui-Ken (酔拳)
User: Jackie Chun
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 48 / Dragon Ball Episode XX

A form of martial arts where the user attacks their opponent by pretending to be drunk. Since its movements are unpredictable, the opponent has trouble finding an opportunity to attack. This technique is used against Goku in the 21st Tenka'ichi Budōkai.[19]

Ultra Missile Parfait (ウルトラミサイルパフェ)
User: Gotenks
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 490 / Dragon Ball Episode 258

The frequent use of successive kick and punch attacks. One of the many varied techniques used in a series while Gotenks and Majin Boo fight in the Room of Spirit and Time.[20]

Linking

Shape-Will

Detached Arm Attack (腕分離攻撃)
User: Majin Boo
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 514 / Dragon Ball Z Episode XX

After tearing off their arm and transforming it into a ball, the user flings it towards their opponent at super-speed with a a strange "Hyaaa." The detached body part can be controlled by the user, and since their opponent is not given a chance to avoid physical contact, it inflicts great damage.[20]

Afterimage

Zanzō-Ken (残像拳)
User: Jackie Chun, Son Goku, Kuririn, Piccolo, Vegeta
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 43 / Dragon Ball Episode XX

A technique first demonstrated by Jackie Chun at the 21st Tenka'ichi Budōkai. By moving fast and leaving behind an afterimage, this technique is meant to disrupt its opponent's attacks. Goku, like with the Kamehameha, is able to learn this technique simply by observing it. Piccolo and Kuririn also employ this technique, and its usage is a deciding factor during their match in the 23rd Tenka'ichi Budōkai. Piccolo may have acquired this technique as a result of wholeheartedly training to destroy Goku, but it is just as likely that he inherited the technique as a result of being a martial artist prior to his split with God. In Dragon Ball GT Episode XX, Goku and Vegeta use Zanzō-Ken to buy time for the Fusion technique. Circling around Super Yi Xing Long at ultrahigh-speed grants them the opportunity to strike several fusion poses.[14]

Double Zanzō-Ken (二重残像拳)
User: Jackie Chun
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 48 / Dragon Ball Episode XX

A technique that produces 2 afterimages to confuse the opponent. Even if the opponent sees through one afterimage, the user can connect with a second afterimage to mount an attack, dealing a blow while the opponent aims for the afterimage.[14]

Triple Zanzō-Ken (三重残像拳)
User: Jackie Chun
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 48 / Dragon Ball Episode XX

A technique to toy with the opponent by producing three consecutive afterimages. In the 21st Tenka'ichi Budōkai, Jackie Chun falls for the third afterimage of Goku, only to receive a blow from overhead.[14]

Multiple Zanzō-ken (多重残像拳)
User: Jackie Chun, Son Goku, and others
Debut: Dragon Ball Chapter 123 / Dragon Ball Episode XX

A technique to produce afterimages in order to surround the opponent, preventing them from discerning where attacks originate. This technique is used in the match against Tenshinhan during the 22nd Tenka'ichi Budōkai.[14]

Gensei-ken (TBD)
User: Chin Taiken and Son Goku
Debut: Dragon Ball Episode 80

A technique mixing an afterimage with rapid punches to break through an enemy's defense. This technique was developed by the Chin-Star School but duplicated by Son Goku after only seeing it performed against him once.[21]

Merging

Techniques left to be completed

References

  1. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 138)
  2. 2.0 2.1 "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 158)
  3. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 168)
  4. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 147)
  5. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 174)
  6. 6.0 6.1 "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 152)
  7. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 160)
  8. "Piccolo's Grievous Mistake! Cell Escapes Into the City!". Dragon Ball Z. Episode 144. Japan: Fuji TV, 17 June 1992.
  9. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 167)
  10. 10.0 10.1 "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 165)
  11. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 149)
  12. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 163)
  13. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 164)
  14. 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 151)
  15. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 148)
  16. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 153)
  17. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (pp. 172-173)
  18. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (pp. 175-176)
  19. "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 154)
  20. 20.0 20.1 "Special Attack Dictionary". Dragon Ball Chōzenshū 4: Dragon Ball Super Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 09 May 2013. ISBN 978-4-08-782499-5. (p. 137)
  21. "A Crucial, Honorable Match! Goku vs Tenlong". Dragon Ball. Episode 80. Japan: Fuji TV, 23 September 1987.