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==Biography==
==Biography==
{{main|Pilaf Gang|Future Mai}}
{{main|Pilaf Gang|Future Mai}}
As a member of the Pilaf Gang, the vast majority of her actions are taken as part of that group. In [[Future Trunks]]'s timeline, however, it seems that [[Pilaf]] and [[Shuu]] have died, so Future Mai's actions are independent of the Gang. A more detailed account of Mai's exploits can therefore be found on the [[Pilaf Gang]] and [[Future Mai]] pages.
When [[Bulma]] and [[Goku]] set out on their first hunt for the [[Dragon Balls]], the Pilaf Gang serves as the antagonist. In the manga, they are the holders of the [[One-Star Ball]], which is the last ball left for Bulma and Goku to obtain. In the anime, they are introduced in [[Dragon Ball Episode 1|episode 1]] and serve as antagonists throughout the arc.
[[File:Pilaf-bed.png|thumb|350px|The [[Pilaf Gang]] all sleep together in [[Pilaf's Castle]]. Only [[Pilaf]] has a special canopy bed.<ref name="ch22">{{Cite manga|Chp=22}}</ref>]]
In the manga, the story begins when Bulma and Goku enter Pilaf's territory to find the last ball. On Mai's orders, Shuu uses a mech suit to steal Bulma's bag which contains five of the Dragon Balls, but he inadvertently leaves behind the [[Dragon Radar]] and the [[Four-Star Ball]] which is on Goku's person.<ref name="ch18">{{Cite manga|Chp=18}}</ref> Goku and friends enter [[Pilaf's castle]] and are lured into a trap. On Mai's suggestion, they incapacitate Goku and co. using sleeping gas, and Mai finds Goku's ball while Shuu cares for Pilaf who had entered without a gas mask and passed out. With Goku and friends imprisoned again, Pilaf calls [[Shenlong]], but Goku has blown a small hole in the castle wall with a ''[[Kamehameha]]'', and the shapeshifters [[Oolong]] and [[Pu'er]] are loose.<ref name="ch19">{{Cite manga|Chp=19}}</ref> Before Pilaf can speak his wish, Oolong wishes for a pair of panties. Shenlong grants Oolong's wish and departs. Pilaf is overcome with rage and locks Goku and co. up again, this time in a room with a tempered glass ceiling that will slow-bake the whole group when the sun rises.<ref name="ch20">{{Cite manga|Chp=20}}</ref> However the moon is full, causing Goku to transform into a [[Great Ape]].<ref name="ch21">{{Cite manga|Chp=21}}</ref> He destroys the prison and eventually the entire castle, reaching directly into the room where Mai sleeps in between Shuu and Pilaf.<ref name="ch22">{{Cite manga|Chp=22}}</ref>
The Gang escapes with their lives, but their home is destroyed, and those events will continue to haunt them for decades to come. Their next attempt to find the Dragon Balls leads them back to Goku. The Pilaf Gang once again holds the final ball, which they have protected in a case that cloaks the ball from the Dragon Radar. They have fancy new mech suits called [[Pilaf Machines]], and via satellite surveillance, they have discovered that Goku's weakness is his tail. They immediately hop in their car and head in Goku's direction, not bothering to watch the rest of his fight with [[Son Gohan (Grandpa)|Grandpa Gohan]].<ref name="ch107">{{Cite manga|Chp=107}}</ref> They plan to ambush Goku, but they do not know that the [[Fortuneteller Crone]] is telling Goku the location of the final ball.<ref name="ch108">{{Cite manga|Chp=108}}</ref> When Goku lands atop their car to ask for their ball, Mai nearly wrecks the car, but she manages to stop safely on the side of the road. Pilaf offers to duel Goku 3-to-1 for a swap: their one ball for his six balls.<ref name="ch109">{{Cite manga|Chp=109}}</ref> Goku happily accepts, and when they discover that his tail has been torn off—they burn off his pants to be sure—they try to combine their abilities in a mech merge. Goku disables the torso—Mai's mech—with a ''Kamehameha''. Shuu and Pilaf convert to "Ostrich Mode", and Mai abandons her mech and hops on as they run away. Goku runs after them, so they fire a torpedo at him. He catches the torpedo and throws it back at them. Goku approaches the wreckage and demands their Dragon Ball, which Pilaf hands over, and Shuu's clothes too.<ref name="ch110">{{Cite manga|Chp=110}}</ref>
[[File:Pilaf-Babies.png|thumb|300px|[[Shenlong]] makes the Gang into babies just before the death of [[Piccolo]] in [[Future Trunks]]'s timeline.<ref name="JVC">{{Cite manga|Series=Super|Book=dbs2|Page=pp. 212-213}}</ref>]]
The Gang is not seen in the ''[[Dragon Ball Z]]'' anime, but we know a bit about what they are doing during that time thanks to ''[[Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods]]'' and a [[Dragon Ball Super Bonus Chapter 2|''Dragon Ball Super'' bonus chapter]] from [[Toyotarō]]. The bonus chapter tells the story of how the Pilaf Gang wished for youth in [[Future Trunks]]'s timeline, just before [[Piccolo]] is killed by the [[artificial humans]]. The main timeline wish is mentioned in ''Battle of Gods'' without much detail, but we can surmise that the wish is made before Piccolo merges with [[God]] in the main timeline of the story because Pilaf does not know that Shenlong can grant more than one wish in ''[[Dragon Ball Z: Resurrection 'F']]''. The phrasing of the wish in the bonus chapter turns the whole Gang into babies, making them about the same physical age as [[Trunks]]; this chronology fits with the apparent age of the Pilaf Gang in the final two ''Dragon Ball Z'' films and ''[[Dragon Ball Super]]''.
In ''Battle of Gods'', the Pilaf Gang hunts for the Dragon Balls at [[Capsule Corporation]] during Bulma's birthday party. Mai notices a room marked "bingo tournament prizes", and inside they find an assortment of hams, an airplane, a castle, a pipe organ, a giant diamond, and all seven Dragon Balls. They are interrupted by Trunks and [[Goten]], who reminds them of Goku. They panic and flee the room, but Mai has managed to steal the giant diamond and the Four-Star Ball. On the way out, she appears to suffer from guilt, and she gives the diamond to Trunks. Goten asks Trunks who the cute girl was, and Trunks lies to Goten and boasts that Mai is his girlfriend.
[[File:Mai-Holding-Hands.png|thumb|300px|Mai contemplates holding hands with [[Trunks]] in ''[[Battle of Gods]]''.]]
Outside, Mai shows the Four-Star Ball to her cohorts, telling them that she used the diamond as a distraction. They can demand one million [[Zenni]] for the Dragon Ball. Goten tells Bulma about Trunks's "girlfriend", and as they look and point in the Gang's direction, Pilaf recognizes Bulma from back then. Between her and Goten, things are not looking good. Trunks comes over and explains his situation to Mai; he pretended that she was his girlfriend, and now his mom wants to meet Mai, so will she pretend to be his girlfriend? Mai asks what she would have to do, and he suggests they hold hands and stuff. Mai tells her cohorts that she is not comfortable holding hands with a boy she has just met, but they remind her about the Dragon Balls. Mai agrees, and the Gang joins Trunks at a table. Bulma asks Mai how old she is, and Mai tells her she is 41 (see the Age section below). Pilaf tells her not to tease the adults like that. Soon after, the fighting begins and Trunks and Goten take the Gang to safety. After the fight, Mai holds hands with Trunks in a palm tree.
[[File:Pilaf-Gang-Shark.png|thumb|300px|The Pilaf Gang runs from a shark in [[Dragon Ball Super Episode 4]].]]
There is no romance in the ''Dragon Ball Super'' version of the story. The Pilaf Gang is destitute, and they are searching for treasure on a small island when Bulma's cruise ship comes their way with the Dragon Balls. The gang makes their way onto the ship with some difficulty, but they are so hungry that the food offered to them by Trunks and Goten distracts them from their usual priority.<ref name="DBS4">{{Cite episode|Series=Super|Eps=4}}</ref> Besides, the Dragon Radar still shows nothing, so when they are full, they start packing up their food.<ref name="DBS6">{{Cite episode|Series=Super|Eps=6}}</ref> After the fighting begins, they hurriedly escape in a lifeboat at Pilaf's direction,<ref name="DBS8">{{Cite episode|Series=Super|Eps=8}}</ref> but when Shenlong is called, Pilaf decides to go back.<ref name="DBS9">{{Cite episode|Series=Super|Eps=9}}</ref> Bulma's party has broken up, but [[Whis]] brings them to a place where they can eat in peace.<ref name="DBS10">{{Cite episode|Series=Super|Eps=10}}</ref> They sleep through the rest of the battle,<ref name="DBS12">{{Cite episode|Series=Super|Eps=12}}</ref> and when they depart, Pilaf vows they will find the Dragon Balls again.<ref name="DBS14">{{Cite episode|Series=Super|Eps=14}}</ref>
===Age===
===Age===
Mai gives her age as 41 in ''[[Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods]]''. The film takes place in [[Age 778]], the year before [[Pan]] was born.<ref>{{Cite guidebook|Title="Chronological Table of DB World"|Book=13|Page=pp. 32-33}}<br>{{Cite web|URL=http://magikarp46.com/dragonball/guidebooks/07-chronology.php|Website=Magikarp 46 Productions|Title="Chronological Table of DB World"|AccessDate=04 January 2020}}</ref> [[Bulma]] was born in [[Age 733]],<ref>''ibid.'' pp. 20-21</ref> which would make her 45 years old at the time of ''Battle of Gods''. That date and age matches up with the sum of time stamps given throughout ''Dragon Ball'', but Bulma mysteriously gives her age as 38 in the film.
Mai gives her age as 41 in ''[[Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods]]''. The film takes place in [[Age 778]], the year before [[Pan]] was born.<ref>{{Cite guidebook|Title="Chronological Table of DB World"|Book=13|Page=p. 33}}<br>{{Cite web|URL=http://magikarp46.com/dragonball/guidebooks/07-chronology.php|Website=Magikarp 46 Productions|Title="Chronological Table of DB World"|AccessDate=04 January 2020}}</ref> [[Bulma]] was born in [[Age 733]],<ref>''ibid.'' p. 20</ref> which would make her 45 years old at the time of ''Battle of Gods''. That date and age matches up with the sum of time stamps given throughout ''Dragon Ball'', but Bulma mysteriously gives her age as 38 in the film.
 
This might be because ''Battle of Gods'' was originally supposed to be set at [[Kuririn]] and [[No. 18]]'s wedding, which occurred in [[Age 770]]. If we take Bulma's given age as an honest mistake by the scriptwriters, or perhaps a nascent detail that was preserved as a gag where Bulma lies about her age (or subtracts years she has wished off her age), then the wedding date in [[Age 770]] matches up, assuming the wedding takes place before Bulma's birthday in August.<ref>{{Cite magazine|Mag=WSJ|Year=1986|Issue=37|Date=12 August 1986|Title="Character Biography Data"|Page=pp. 19-21}}<br>{{Cite web|URL=https://www.kanzenshuu.com/translations/weekly-jump-1986-37-character-biography-data/|Website=Kanzenshuu|Title="Character Biography Data"|Date=01 December 2014|AccessDate=20 March 2019}}</ref>


If Mai is 41 in August 778, then she would have been born in 736 or 737, which would make her 12 years old when the [[Pilaf Gang]] originally enters the story in September 749, but Mai is clearly an adult at that time, late teens at the youngest. If her given age is an artifact of the original script which was supposed to take place in Age 770, then Mai would have been born in 729 or 730, making her 19 or 20 years old when she is introduced in [[Dragon Ball Chapter 18]].
This might be because ''Battle of Gods'' was originally supposed to be set at [[Kuririn]] and [[No. 18]]'s wedding,<ref>「FLOW、野沢雅子、渡辺雄介」''DVD & Blu-Ray Vision, April 2013''. Japan: Hinode, 19 March 2013. (pp. 79-81)<br>{{Cite web|URL=http://www.kanzenshuu.com/translations/dvd-blu-ray-vision-april-2013-battle-of-gods/|Website=Kanzenshuu|Title="FLOW, Masako Nozawa, Yūsuke Watanabe"|Date=01 April 2013|AccessDate=22 September 2018}}</ref> which occurred in [[Age 770]].<ref>{{Cite guidebook|Title="Chronological Table of DB World"|Book=13|Page=p. 32}}<br>{{Cite web|URL=http://magikarp46.com/dragonball/guidebooks/07-chronology.php|Website=Magikarp 46 Productions|Title="Chronological Table of DB World"|AccessDate=04 January 2020}}</ref> If we take Bulma's given age as an honest mistake by the scriptwriters, or perhaps a nascent detail that was deliberately preserved as a gag where Bulma lies about her age (or subtracts years she has wished off her age), then the wedding date in [[Age 770]] would make Bulma 37, assuming the wedding takes place after Bulma's birthday in August.<ref>{{Cite magazine|Mag=WSJ|Year=1986|Issue=37|Date=12 August 1986|Title="Character Biography Data"|Page=pp. 19-21}}<br>{{Cite web|URL=https://www.kanzenshuu.com/translations/weekly-jump-1986-37-character-biography-data/|Website=Kanzenshuu|Title="Character Biography Data"|Date=01 December 2014|AccessDate=20 March 2019}}</ref> Still not quite right, but closer.


It is therefore very likely that the scriptwriters based Mai's given age in ''Battle of Gods'' on Bulma's given age. Mai's official birth year was never given, so the writers probably guessed that she was a few years older than Bulma's 16 when the Pilaf Gang was introduced in [[Age 749]].
If we are to believe that Mai is 41 in August 778, though, she would have been born in 736 or 737, which would make her 12 years old when the [[Pilaf Gang]] originally enters the story in September 749. Mai is clearly an adult at that time, late teens at the youngest. If her given age is an artifact of the original script which was supposed to take place in Age 770, then Mai would have been born around 729 or 730, making her 19 or 20 years old when she is introduced in [[Dragon Ball Chapter 18]].


Assuming that Mai was 19 or 20 years old when she was introduced September 749, then she should be 48 or 49 years old in August 778 when ''Battle of Gods'' takes place, and around 50 by the time the Future Trunks arc begins. [[Future Mai]] is 17 years older than that.
It is therefore very likely that the scriptwriters based Mai's given age in ''Battle of Gods'' on Bulma's given age. Mai's official birth year was never given, so the writers probably guessed that she was a few years older than Bulma's 16 when the Pilaf Gang was introduced in [[Age 749]]. If Bulma is 38, then Mai must be about 41. Assuming that Mai was 19 or 20 years old when she was introduced September 749, then she should be 48 or 49 years old in August 778 when ''Battle of Gods'' takes place, and around 50 by the time the Future Trunks arc begins. [[Future Mai]] is 17 years older than that.


[[Pilaf]] made the wish for youth that turned them into babies in May 767, when Mai would have been 36-37, so Pilaf wished about 35-36 years off her apparent age. Mai should be about 60 years old in ''[[Dragon Ball GT]]''.
[[Pilaf]] made the wish for youth that turned them into babies in May 767, when Mai would have been 36-37, so Pilaf wished about 35-36 years off her apparent age. Mai should be about 60 years old in ''[[Dragon Ball GT]]''.

Revision as of 02:45, 5 January 2020

This page is incomplete.
Kanzenshuu wiki team members are aware that they must edit this page to add missing information and complete it.
Mai
マイ (Mai)
Manga
Mai (Manga)
English Name(s) Mai
Name Pun Shumai
Manga Debut Dragon Ball Chapter 18
Anime Debut Dragon Ball Episode 1
Japanese VA Eiko Yamada
Canadian VA Teryl Rothery
Funimation VA Julie Franklin (DB)
Colleen Clinkenbeard (Battle of Gods, Resurrection 'F', Super)
Personal Data
Birth [Age 729 or 730]
Occupation Pilaf Gang Member
v · d · e

Mai is a fictional character in the Dragon Ball manga series by Akira Toriyama. Mai makes her debut in chapter 18, published in the 1985 #18 issue of Shueisha's Weekly Shōnen Jump.

Biography

As a member of the Pilaf Gang, the vast majority of her actions are taken as part of that group. In Future Trunks's timeline, however, it seems that Pilaf and Shuu have died, so Future Mai's actions are independent of the Gang. A more detailed account of Mai's exploits can therefore be found on the Pilaf Gang and Future Mai pages.

When Bulma and Goku set out on their first hunt for the Dragon Balls, the Pilaf Gang serves as the antagonist. In the manga, they are the holders of the One-Star Ball, which is the last ball left for Bulma and Goku to obtain. In the anime, they are introduced in episode 1 and serve as antagonists throughout the arc.

The Pilaf Gang all sleep together in Pilaf's Castle. Only Pilaf has a special canopy bed.[1]

In the manga, the story begins when Bulma and Goku enter Pilaf's territory to find the last ball. On Mai's orders, Shuu uses a mech suit to steal Bulma's bag which contains five of the Dragon Balls, but he inadvertently leaves behind the Dragon Radar and the Four-Star Ball which is on Goku's person.[2] Goku and friends enter Pilaf's castle and are lured into a trap. On Mai's suggestion, they incapacitate Goku and co. using sleeping gas, and Mai finds Goku's ball while Shuu cares for Pilaf who had entered without a gas mask and passed out. With Goku and friends imprisoned again, Pilaf calls Shenlong, but Goku has blown a small hole in the castle wall with a Kamehameha, and the shapeshifters Oolong and Pu'er are loose.[3] Before Pilaf can speak his wish, Oolong wishes for a pair of panties. Shenlong grants Oolong's wish and departs. Pilaf is overcome with rage and locks Goku and co. up again, this time in a room with a tempered glass ceiling that will slow-bake the whole group when the sun rises.[4] However the moon is full, causing Goku to transform into a Great Ape.[5] He destroys the prison and eventually the entire castle, reaching directly into the room where Mai sleeps in between Shuu and Pilaf.[1]

The Gang escapes with their lives, but their home is destroyed, and those events will continue to haunt them for decades to come. Their next attempt to find the Dragon Balls leads them back to Goku. The Pilaf Gang once again holds the final ball, which they have protected in a case that cloaks the ball from the Dragon Radar. They have fancy new mech suits called Pilaf Machines, and via satellite surveillance, they have discovered that Goku's weakness is his tail. They immediately hop in their car and head in Goku's direction, not bothering to watch the rest of his fight with Grandpa Gohan.[6] They plan to ambush Goku, but they do not know that the Fortuneteller Crone is telling Goku the location of the final ball.[7] When Goku lands atop their car to ask for their ball, Mai nearly wrecks the car, but she manages to stop safely on the side of the road. Pilaf offers to duel Goku 3-to-1 for a swap: their one ball for his six balls.[8] Goku happily accepts, and when they discover that his tail has been torn off—they burn off his pants to be sure—they try to combine their abilities in a mech merge. Goku disables the torso—Mai's mech—with a Kamehameha. Shuu and Pilaf convert to "Ostrich Mode", and Mai abandons her mech and hops on as they run away. Goku runs after them, so they fire a torpedo at him. He catches the torpedo and throws it back at them. Goku approaches the wreckage and demands their Dragon Ball, which Pilaf hands over, and Shuu's clothes too.[9]

Shenlong makes the Gang into babies just before the death of Piccolo in Future Trunks's timeline.[10]

The Gang is not seen in the Dragon Ball Z anime, but we know a bit about what they are doing during that time thanks to Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods and a Dragon Ball Super bonus chapter from Toyotarō. The bonus chapter tells the story of how the Pilaf Gang wished for youth in Future Trunks's timeline, just before Piccolo is killed by the artificial humans. The main timeline wish is mentioned in Battle of Gods without much detail, but we can surmise that the wish is made before Piccolo merges with God in the main timeline of the story because Pilaf does not know that Shenlong can grant more than one wish in Dragon Ball Z: Resurrection 'F'. The phrasing of the wish in the bonus chapter turns the whole Gang into babies, making them about the same physical age as Trunks; this chronology fits with the apparent age of the Pilaf Gang in the final two Dragon Ball Z films and Dragon Ball Super.

In Battle of Gods, the Pilaf Gang hunts for the Dragon Balls at Capsule Corporation during Bulma's birthday party. Mai notices a room marked "bingo tournament prizes", and inside they find an assortment of hams, an airplane, a castle, a pipe organ, a giant diamond, and all seven Dragon Balls. They are interrupted by Trunks and Goten, who reminds them of Goku. They panic and flee the room, but Mai has managed to steal the giant diamond and the Four-Star Ball. On the way out, she appears to suffer from guilt, and she gives the diamond to Trunks. Goten asks Trunks who the cute girl was, and Trunks lies to Goten and boasts that Mai is his girlfriend.

Mai contemplates holding hands with Trunks in Battle of Gods.

Outside, Mai shows the Four-Star Ball to her cohorts, telling them that she used the diamond as a distraction. They can demand one million Zenni for the Dragon Ball. Goten tells Bulma about Trunks's "girlfriend", and as they look and point in the Gang's direction, Pilaf recognizes Bulma from back then. Between her and Goten, things are not looking good. Trunks comes over and explains his situation to Mai; he pretended that she was his girlfriend, and now his mom wants to meet Mai, so will she pretend to be his girlfriend? Mai asks what she would have to do, and he suggests they hold hands and stuff. Mai tells her cohorts that she is not comfortable holding hands with a boy she has just met, but they remind her about the Dragon Balls. Mai agrees, and the Gang joins Trunks at a table. Bulma asks Mai how old she is, and Mai tells her she is 41 (see the Age section below). Pilaf tells her not to tease the adults like that. Soon after, the fighting begins and Trunks and Goten take the Gang to safety. After the fight, Mai holds hands with Trunks in a palm tree.

The Pilaf Gang runs from a shark in Dragon Ball Super Episode 4.

There is no romance in the Dragon Ball Super version of the story. The Pilaf Gang is destitute, and they are searching for treasure on a small island when Bulma's cruise ship comes their way with the Dragon Balls. The gang makes their way onto the ship with some difficulty, but they are so hungry that the food offered to them by Trunks and Goten distracts them from their usual priority.[11] Besides, the Dragon Radar still shows nothing, so when they are full, they start packing up their food.[12] After the fighting begins, they hurriedly escape in a lifeboat at Pilaf's direction,[13] but when Shenlong is called, Pilaf decides to go back.[14] Bulma's party has broken up, but Whis brings them to a place where they can eat in peace.[15] They sleep through the rest of the battle,[16] and when they depart, Pilaf vows they will find the Dragon Balls again.[17]

Age

Mai gives her age as 41 in Dragon Ball Z: Battle of Gods. The film takes place in Age 778, the year before Pan was born.[18] Bulma was born in Age 733,[19] which would make her 45 years old at the time of Battle of Gods. That date and age matches up with the sum of time stamps given throughout Dragon Ball, but Bulma mysteriously gives her age as 38 in the film.

This might be because Battle of Gods was originally supposed to be set at Kuririn and No. 18's wedding,[20] which occurred in Age 770.[21] If we take Bulma's given age as an honest mistake by the scriptwriters, or perhaps a nascent detail that was deliberately preserved as a gag where Bulma lies about her age (or subtracts years she has wished off her age), then the wedding date in Age 770 would make Bulma 37, assuming the wedding takes place after Bulma's birthday in August.[22] Still not quite right, but closer.

If we are to believe that Mai is 41 in August 778, though, she would have been born in 736 or 737, which would make her 12 years old when the Pilaf Gang originally enters the story in September 749. Mai is clearly an adult at that time, late teens at the youngest. If her given age is an artifact of the original script which was supposed to take place in Age 770, then Mai would have been born around 729 or 730, making her 19 or 20 years old when she is introduced in Dragon Ball Chapter 18.

It is therefore very likely that the scriptwriters based Mai's given age in Battle of Gods on Bulma's given age. Mai's official birth year was never given, so the writers probably guessed that she was a few years older than Bulma's 16 when the Pilaf Gang was introduced in Age 749. If Bulma is 38, then Mai must be about 41. Assuming that Mai was 19 or 20 years old when she was introduced September 749, then she should be 48 or 49 years old in August 778 when Battle of Gods takes place, and around 50 by the time the Future Trunks arc begins. Future Mai is 17 years older than that.

Pilaf made the wish for youth that turned them into babies in May 767, when Mai would have been 36-37, so Pilaf wished about 35-36 years off her apparent age. Mai should be about 60 years old in Dragon Ball GT.

Name

Production

Notable Skills

Performance

Notable Appearances

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Toriyama, Akira. Dragon Ball Chapter 22: "Goku's Great Transformation". Weekly Shōnen Jump, 1985 #22. Japan: Shueisha, 27 April 1985.
  2. Toriyama, Akira. Dragon Ball Chapter 18: "The Dragon Balls Are Stolen!!". Weekly Shōnen Jump, 1985 #18. Japan: Shueisha, 02 April 1985.
  3. Toriyama, Akira. Dragon Ball Chapter 19: "At Long Last, the Dragon Appears!". Weekly Shōnen Jump, 1985 #19. Japan: Shueisha, 09 April 1985.
  4. Toriyama, Akira. Dragon Ball Chapter 20: "The Wish to Shenlong!!". Weekly Shōnen Jump, 1985 #20. Japan: Shueisha, 16 April 1985.
  5. Toriyama, Akira. Dragon Ball Chapter 21: "The Full Moon". Weekly Shōnen Jump, 1985 #21. Japan: Shueisha, 23 April 1985.
  6. Toriyama, Akira. Dragon Ball Chapter 107: "Goku's Tail". Weekly Shōnen Jump, 1987 #07. Japan: Shueisha, 13 January 1987.
  7. Toriyama, Akira. Dragon Ball Chapter 108: "Son Gohan". Weekly Shōnen Jump, 1987 #08. Japan: Shueisha, 20 January 1987.
  8. Toriyama, Akira. Dragon Ball Chapter 109: "The Pilaf Gang's Second Attempt". Weekly Shōnen Jump, 1987 #09. Japan: Shueisha, 27 January 1987.
  9. Toriyama, Akira. Dragon Ball Chapter 110: "Pilaf's Great Strategy". Weekly Shōnen Jump, 1987 #10. Japan: Shueisha, 03 February 1987.
  10. Toriyama, Akira; Toyotarō. Dragon Ball Super Volume 2: The Winning Universe is Decided at Last!!. Japan: Shueisha, 02 December 2016. ISBN 978-4-08-880867-3. (pp. 212-213)
  11. "Aim for the Dragon Balls?! The Pilaf Gang's Great Strategy!". Dragon Ball Super. Episode 4. Japan: Fuji TV, 02 August 2015.
  12. "Don't Anger the God of Destruction! The Heart Pounding Birthday Party". Dragon Ball Super. Episode 6. Japan: Fuji TV, 16 August 2015.
  13. "Goku Steps Up! The Last Chance From Beerus-sama?!". Dragon Ball Super. Episode 8. Japan: Fuji TV, 30 August 2015.
  14. "Sorry About the Wait, Beerus-sama — Finally, Super Saiyan God is Born!". Dragon Ball Super. Episode 9. Japan: Fuji TV, 06 September 2015.
  15. "Show Me, Goku! The Power of Super Saiyan God!!". Dragon Ball Super. Episode 10. Japan: Fuji TV, 13 September 2015.
  16. "The Universe Crumbles?! Clash! The God of Destruction vs Super Saiyan God!". Dragon Ball Super. Episode 12. Japan: Fuji TV, 27 September 2015.
  17. "This is Every Last Bit of My Power! The Battle of Gods Concludes!". Dragon Ball Super. Episode 14. Japan: Fuji TV, 11 October 2015.
  18. "Chronological Table of DB World". Dragon Ball Daizenshuu 7: Dragon Ball Large Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 05 February 1996. ISBN 4-08-782757-7. (p. 33)
    "Chronological Table of DB World". Magikarp 46 Productions. Retrieved: 04 January 2020.
  19. ibid. p. 20
  20. 「FLOW、野沢雅子、渡辺雄介」DVD & Blu-Ray Vision, April 2013. Japan: Hinode, 19 March 2013. (pp. 79-81)
    "FLOW, Masako Nozawa, Yūsuke Watanabe" (01 April 2013). Kanzenshuu. Retrieved: 22 September 2018.
  21. "Chronological Table of DB World". Dragon Ball Daizenshuu 7: Dragon Ball Large Encyclopedia. Japan: Shueisha, 05 February 1996. ISBN 4-08-782757-7. (p. 32)
    "Chronological Table of DB World". Magikarp 46 Productions. Retrieved: 04 January 2020.
  22. "Character Biography Data". Weekly Shōnen Jump, 1986 #37. Japan: Shueisha, 12 August 1986. (pp. 19-21)
    "Character Biography Data" (01 December 2014). Kanzenshuu. Retrieved: 20 March 2019.